The Bay Area Air Quality Management District (http://www.baaqmd.gov) has issued a Health Advisory and Spare the Air Alert this week. Very unhealthy air quality from the wildfires in the North Bay is causing unprecedented levels of air pollution throughout the Bay Area. Due to active wildfires and changing wind patterns, air quality could be impacted for many days to come. Outside of the active fire areas, air quality will be variable and unpredictable. Air quality may improve at times or get worse, very quickly.
For those of you who are reading this and are not in the Bay Area, go outside and take a deep breath of fresh air. Now take another one and savor it. We tend to take so much for granted, Including breathable air, until we are faced with situations like this.
Sunday evening in the middle of the night I woke up and thought I smelled smoke. I crept down to my kitchen to make sure that I hadn’t left on an appliance. There was nothing obvious. I poked my sleeping husband, “do you smell something?” He grunted “mmmph” which I took as a NO, so l went back to sleep. It turns out that many of the people I know had done some vestige of the middle-of-the- night sniffing around. Some had gone outside to make sure there was nothing burning in the immediate vicinity. When I turned on the news on Monday morning we had an answer. The news about the fire up in the north bay was devastating. So many homes, schools, and businesses are gone, including the home of one of my very best friends, where I was lucky enough to spend countless weekends in their little patch of heaven. It is heartbreaking.
An acquaintance of mine who is a reporter reached out and I got my 30 seconds of fame later that morning
Understandably the phones and emails have been nonstop for parents worried about the impact of the smoke.
It is not surprising that many people are experiencing some degree of irritation from the smoke. For those of you who are not local, we are talking about serious smoke. Here in SF we are almost 70 miles away from the actual flames but we are still impacted. There is ash on the cars. Have you ever been to a bonfire or campfire? You know how your clothes reek of smoke? That is how the air smells. The beautiful panoramic views that we get from our hilltops are clouded by a gray haze. Scratchy throat, stingy eyes, irritated sinuses, headaches are prevalent.
The most basic suggestion is common sense. Pay attention to local air quality reports. The link will give you information about how the air is improving or worsening:
Stay indoors and keep your indoor air as clean as possible. Keep windows and doors closed. Luckily it isn’t too hot this week, but if it gets warmer, run an air conditioner if you have one, ( most folks in SF don’t actually own one.) If you do have one, keep the fresh-air intake closed and the filter clean to prevent outdoor smoke from getting inside.
Do not add to indoor pollution. Don’t use anything that burns, such as candles or incense. Don’t vacuum unless you have a really good filtered machine. Normal vacuums stir up particles that are already inside your home. Don’t smoke tobacco or other products; the air is already polluted enough!!
Avoid any strenuous activity outside. It is fine to get to where you need to go. I just wouldn’t do any extra outdoor playing until things improve. I don’t think the bounce house birthday party in the park is a good idea this weekend.
Use an air filter
If you have a HEPA filter, use it. My patients reported that the local stores were completely out of the machines today. I would suggest that you take advantage of online shopping. It is probably not a bad investment even if the air is improved by the time you get it.
I am by no means an expert on Hepa filters and there is a lot of information online. I feel like consumers reports is a pretty good guide, so I am including that:
Keep in mind that the ionic filters that create ozone are not recommended and will not remove the particles that we are concerned about.
Do not rely on dust masks for protection. The only masks that will be at all protective are labeled N95 o N100. They don’t seal well on a young child, so your best bet is staying indoors.
In San Francisco with our blessed fog that comes and clears things out on a regular basis, we are accustomed to better than average air quality. It is important to keep in mind that there are populations around the world where the norm is very unhealthy air all of the time. For most healthy folks, a week or so of terrible air won’t have a lasting impact.
If you have a child with sensitive lungs absolutely keep an eye on them. Wheezing, shortness of breath, chest pain and/ or rapid heartbeat would be reason to get seen by the physician. If your child has a prescription for inhaled steroids, it might be a good idea to get those out and start using them at the first sign of any issues. Remember that if an inhaler hasn’t been used in over 2 weeks, it may need to be primed.
At this time, there has been no medical directive issued to leave the area . It is hard to say how long the fires and bad air will be an issue, and more information may be forthcoming from the Air Quality District in the next few days. There seems to be no good answer at this point as to when to go and how far folks would need to travel to be safe as there are wildfires all over southern California as well. Do what you feel is best for you and your family.
Your local municipalities should be able to provide you with information regarding air quality, safety precautions, evacuation and recommendations for local facilities that have filtered air.
A friend of mine who lives in Santa Barbara and has been through this a number of times, posted a very good list that is worth sharing:
Home Evacuation Checklist – How to Prepare for Evacuation:
Inside the House
Outside
I also want to share some wisdom from Heather, a local mom who started a group called www.circleoflightsf.com
As many of you know well, we have neighbors in need. 22 fires, many out of control, continue to rage in our backyard counties. In San Francisco, many miles away from the wildfires, we wake up daily to a visible, dense layer of smog and keep our stir-crazy kids and pets inside so they won’t breathe in what has become pretty horrible air quality. In the towns directly affected by this horrific and overnight destruction, hundreds of people have lost everything they have with thousands more forced to evacuate their homes, waiting in the wings to see what happens next. Some have lost or missing family members including precious animals. I cannot imagine what the air quality is closer to the destruction and active fire zone, nor how long it will take for kids to even be able to go back to school, much less what it will take to rebuild homes and businesses after the damage is done.
Because many of you, like me, feel lost in how to help, I have asked my friends directly affected by this tragedy what we can do from afar. There are many resources available out there; here are a few I found to be noteworthy:
1. Donate to a credible monetary fund in the area who is directly helping victims in Napa. This is a good and relatively easy one to do remotely; the fund will use the money however it is best needed on a day by day basis: http://www.napavalleycf.org/
2. Help feed and nourish Santa Rosa and the Sonoma County community by providing healthy and nutritious meals to those in need; SAGmonkey is run by a friend and long-time resident of Sonoma County who is generously giving his time and energies to help to rebuild our community.
Your donations will go directly to the purchase of food and supplies to prepare and distribute fully cooked meals over the course of the next three months. By utilizing the resources of the Redwood Empire Food Bank and other local food pantries we will prepare and distribute meals for those in need. We want to make a difference in the lives of our neighbors and friends by providing this service. We have a commercial mobile kitchen trailer that is fully licensed by the State of California and the County of Sonoma.
3. Consider volunteering to staff a shelter, donating food and other needed items, and helping pets:
Donation drop off points listed here for SF and East Bay residents to avoid tying up roads: https://sf.curbed.com/2017/
4. If you know anyone who can host people or animals in need,the travel site HipCamp is connecting evacuees who cannot return to their homes with people who have available space to host them at ranches and rural properties, bed and breakfasts, and even RVs. Anyone who wants to be added to the list can contact HipCamp atJulie.Kukral@hipcamp.com. https://www.hipcamp.com/
5. ADOPT-A-FAMILY! We were lucky enough to be able to take in dear friends who had to evacuate their home this week. We’re trying to turn a tragedy into a “Fun sleepover” for kids, dogs and adults. Since our friends who live in an affected area know many people affected directly, they recommend this as something folks really need right now. This is a difficult task if you don’t know anyone there but worth the ask as you check in with friends, colleagues and local businesses etc. who may have been affected.
Hoping the wind and weather helps us all see some relief soon…
In love and light,
Heather www.circleoflightsf.com
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There are so many different factors to consider when facing most of the common parenting issues. The Nurse Judy approach is a combination of many years of medical experience, a desire to treat things as naturally as possible, a large dollop of common sense. email nursejudysf@gmail.com to be added to my weekly email list
Friday, October 13, 2017
Fires/smoke and air quality alerts
Friday, September 15, 2017
Organizing your crap....I mean treasures 2017
Friday, August 18, 2017
What should you have in your first aid/emergency kit?
What should you have in your first aid/emergency kit?
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A new mom recently asked me if she needed to purchase a first aid kit to have in the house in preparation for the new baby. There are indeed lots of commercially available kits out there, but it is pretty simple and less expensive to put together your own.
Last week my post was all about being mentally prepared for a variety of situations. This seemed like a logical follow up.
Having some items on hand is wise. Take time to make sure these things are organized and easily accessible so that you don’t waste time scurrying around if you need something quickly.
Home:
The following link is to my December post about having an appropriately stocked medicine cabinet.
That post gives you a hefty list for things you should keep available at home.
Here are a few additions
Every family with a young child should have a nasal aspirator: The hospital will send you home with a bulb aspirator, but many people find those awkward.
I really advise that every new parent have a NoseFrida:
or NeilMed Naspira:
If the baby has a stuffy nose, or has secretions blocking their nasal passages, these snot suckers are a simple way to clear them. Have you ever had milk come out of your nose when you are laughing, sneezing or coughing? That can happen to your baby as well. An aspirator near by can make things less chaotic.
Make sure you are prepared and own infant nail clippers or scissors. Some babies are born with very long nails and can end up really scratching themselves if you don’t clip or file them :
I asked Dr Katherine Morioka of City Optometry what folks should have on hand in case of an eye injury. She suggests that a first aid kit should include artificial tears, an eye wash kit, gauze and first aid tape.
Away from home:
CAR: Every car that you drive should have its own emergency kit in the trunk.
Some of the items I am going to add are NOT typically found on general lists.
Have a change of clothes, extra diapers, clean socks, extra layers (for every family member.) In San Francisco, the fog can come in quickly; don’t end up looking like a shivering tourist and resort to having to buy another Alcatraz sweatshirt.
A baggy with basic first aid supplies:
Have some durable snacks, pouches or bars and some water. If you are on a road trip double down on this and make sure you have provisions in case you get stuck.
Okay, here are some things that are not on the general lists:
Get in the habit of checking this stash thoroughly, several times a year. Perhaps do it with the clock change when you check your smoke detector batteries. Check expiration dates, diaper sizes, battery life, phone number accuracy,... etc.
Diaper bag:
As long as you are close to the car, you don’t need to carry too much with you.
Keep a small baggie with some gauze/ antiseptic wipes/ small packet of neosporin. If you more than 30 minutes from the car, have tylenol/ibuprofen, and benedryl/zyrtec with you. If there are medications in your diaper bag, pay attention that young children don’t have easy access to them.
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Friday, August 11, 2017
Problem solving skills 2017
- Assess for injury; call 911 if needed
- If you are on a highway, wait for assistance. Getting out of the car is often dangerous!
- Do you have an AAA membership? Know where the card is.
- Know where your insurance info is kept (make sure you have a copy accessible)
- Take a photo of any damage
- Take a photo of the other driver's insurance card and driver's license...etc.
- Always have a charger in your car for your cell phone so that a low battery is never an issue.
Friday, August 4, 2017
Food Heroes and Villains
Up until just recently coconut oil was considered heaven sent. It cured all sorts of things. When I saw the recent news putting it back on the list of terrible foods, I groaned out loud. I feel the need for a little rant. I hope you will bear with me!
Everyday we have different foods take turns getting a blast of media attention. We see lists of the world's healthiest foods and list of foods that should be avoided at all costs. Some things that are on the ‘wonder food’ list one day might be on the ‘avoid at all costs’ list the next. Take red wine for instance, one minute it is the best thing to help you avoid heart disease...oops but it might increase the risk of some cancers.
Of course some of these headlines are often followed by frantic calls to the advice nurse. When the organic rice was found to have measurable amounts of arsenic the phones practically exploded. In fact arsenic is pretty hard to completely avoid and is found in other foods as well.
The list goes on…..
You get the idea. Navigating through all of this info is so challenging when you are trying to feed your family a healthy diet.
The food pyramid has been turned upside down and there are so many fads that come and go. I asked Nurse Lainey and her internet savvy sister Katie to do a little poking around for me and within a short period of time they came up with an extensive list of dietary trends, including something that sounds particularly alarming called ‘souping’.
I am not about to sort through all of the fads (the posts are often too long as it is.) Rather I am going to give you the message, "take a deep breath and do the best you can. Everything in moderation!"
If you are lucky and you have a child who will eat plenty of different foods, make a valiant effort to give variety and not to binge on any one thing.
Below is my take on some obvious current heroes and villains.
Organic and Non GMO: Hero
We probably can’t really count on any labels to be completely accurate anymore, but if you can afford it, I prefer organic produce if it is available:
Sugar: Bad Guy! Try to minimize added sugar. You might be shocked by how much sugar is added to things. Be a good label reader. Agave, which used to be considered a healthier alternative is no longer on the “good guy” list. If you are looking for a natural sweetener, current consensus would put honey at the top of the list for healthiest option. Remember that this is NOT a good choice for any baby under one year. No honey for them!
My preference would be that sugar and dessert not be used as a reward on a regular basis. If our body has had enough “growing food”, an occasional sweet treat is fine.
Gluten: Mixed. I get aggravated when folks dismiss this. More and more people can really not tolerate gluten, regardless of what testing shows. Both of my kids ate plenty of bread their entire lives but developed fairly severe gluten reactions as young adults. I have had many patients do an elimination diet and find that they feel much better when they cut it out of their diets. Not everyone suffers the same symptoms. It makes no sense to get rid of gluten if you show no signs of being impacted by it. That being said, in general white flours, breads and pastas are pretty low on the nutrition scale.
Rice/arsenic: just don’t overdo! There are in fact measurable levels of arsenic in rice. There is more found in the brown rice than white. Rinsing the rice well prior to cooking it might reduce some of the levels. I would not recommend more than a couple of servings of rice per week. We are fortunate that there are plenty of other options. Most other grains out there that don’t have this issue:
Trendy food Pouches: Read the labels!
Just because something is organic, doesn’t mean it is good for you. I know all the pouch foods are quite popular. The are convenient and the kids generally like them, but some are loaded with ingredients that you really don’t need.
They are also a nightmare for the landfill.
Wise words from Nurse Lainey. If you want to do some creative eating for yourself, please keep in mind that your children have different nutritional needs. They are not just little adults!
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Saturday, June 24, 2017
Water safety/Secondary and Dry Drowning
When frightening stories make the news, I know that I can anticipate some calls about whatever the issue is. There were some recent stories in the media about secondary drowning. Several parents have reached out and asked me to address the topic in a blog post. Next week I will continue the swimming theme. I had it all rolled into one but it was way too long. You would be surprised how many different body parts we get calls about that are swimming related. You can read all about those next week.
Let’s get the scary stuff out of the way first. Drowning is the second most common cause of death in children in the United States. Prevention is key. A person who is drowning may not thrash about and call attention to the fact that they are having trouble. They can slip silently under the water without being noticed until it is too late. Even if your child has proven themselves to be solid swimmers, you need to stay actively focused and engaged on watching them like a hawk while they are in the water.
If you are staying anywhere with a pool, make certain that your child has absolutely no access to the pool area when there is no adult present. If you do have pool access, there are lots of pool alarms and safety monitors on the market. Hotels or apartments with fountains need to be treated with caution as well.
We had a scare with one of our families a few summers ago. Several adults and children were enjoying a day at a friend's pool in the East Bay. They got out of the pool to have some lunch. Some of the oldest kids started to bicker. While the adults turned their attention to the squabble, a one year old got back into the pool unnoticed and submerged. Thank goodness another of the adults looked up, noticed and was able to get her out and perform CPR. The little girl is perfectly fine, but this was terrifying for everyone. Dr. Karen Makely, one of the wonderful urgent care physicians over at St. Lukes, says that sometimes having a lot of adults around lends a false sense of security. Consider having each adult take turns being on a shift as the designated lifeguard.
Drowning is horrible, but the recent stories that scared the bejesus out of my families were about delayed drowning. You may have heard of dry drowning as well. They are not the same thing.
The primary difference between dry drowning and secondary (or delayed) drowning is the presence or absence of water in the victim’s lungs.
Dry drowning is something that can be brought on in several different ways. The first theory is that a sudden rush of water into the throat causes the airway to go into spasm. During this event, although no water enters the lungs, no air enters either, so the victim dies of asphyxiation. Another explanation is that the shock of a swimmer’s suddenly entering extremely cold water causes the heart to stop.
Distinct from “Dry Drowning” is secondary or delayed drowning. This is also very rare, but is something that parents need to know about. Symptoms usually develop within 6-24 after an incident. If someone had a near drowning or accidentally swallowed a lot of water, they are at risk for pulmonary edema from the fluid imbalance to the lungs. They may seem fine initially but then present with cough and increased labored breathing. This usually shows up within 24 hours of the event.
Caregivers of young swimmers should try to head off some of these issues by training their kids to keep their mouths closed when jumping into water and to enter very cold water slowly. This should help avoid aspirating large amounts of water. There is a big difference between water in the lungs and water in the belly. If your child swallows a lot of water they may end up with a tummy ache but it is rarely dangerous. The recent tragic news story about a child who died in Texas with this diagnosis is a bit of a puzzle. He had days of vomiting and diarrhea. Every physician that I spoke to says that it is respiratory, NOT tummy symptoms, that they would be on the lookout for. There is likely more to that story than is getting reported. It is the outliers that make the news.
Here is the takeaway message. It is important to closely monitor any child who has come out of the water coughing and sputtering. Especially keep an eye out for any further difficulties in breathing, extreme tiredness, or marked changes in behavior, all of which are signs that a swimmer may have inhaled a dangerous amount of fluid. If there is any concern, an emergency room or immediate medical intervention is needed. The first 24 hours are probably the most critical period. It is important to know what to look for, but to reiterate, in over 30 years with a practice full of swimmers, I am not aware of any of our patients having any serious complications from a mouthful of water.
I spoke to Dr. Tamariz from the CPMC ER. He reiterates how extremely rare this is, but stresses that if any CPR or resuscitation was needed, a follow up emergency room visit is essential regardless of how well they may appear. For the majority of swimmers that accidentally get a mouthful of water, observation at home is fine unless they are showing the obvious symptoms that are listed above. If you are concerned, go the the emergency room. They will check the oxygen level, listen to the lungs, and keep an eye on things until everyone feels comfortable. If clinically indicated they might do an x-ray but it is not automatic.
I am going to close with a little tidbit of common sense. Labored respirations should ALWAYS prompt you to seek medical attention, even if there is no concern about recent swimming.
Next week I will continue the swimming theme, sharing all the possible swimming related call that the advice nurse team receives!